Systems Design & Architecture

"Selim, you have six months. In six months, the system either goes planet-scale, or we go bankrupt....

What is browser Router : A BrowserRouter is a core component in the popular web framework...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving The Hytale engine triggers events through a simple...

You're shipping an AI chat product. The LLM streams ~40 tokens/sec per user. 50,000 concurrent users...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving In Hytales Veltrix region server, each treasure hunt...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving It started with a simple requirement: store every user action...

If you build consumer web apps, a 2-second API latency is an annoyance. If you build infrastructure...

The ability for operations to produce the same result even when executed multiple times, known as...

You spent three years building a distributed system. Kubernetes clusters, service meshes,...

Astro is built around one idea: ship less JavaScript. Islands architecture means only the interactive...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving Hytales treasure-hunt system is a micro-game that can...

How to allocate a 9-pin connector across 6 swappable modules for fleet, cold chain, security, and e-vehicle tracking.

BOM Denormalization: Shortcut or Trap? In a manufacturing ERP, especially in systems with...

I thought building browser-only image tools would mostly be about Canvas APIs and file formats. It...

The programming language ecosystem evolves quickly, but occasionally a new project appears with a...

While debugging my first software system, I kept running into the same problem: I could see failures...

Deconstructing distributed consensus, state machine replication, leader election algorithms, and split-brain mitigation in distributed clusters.

When Lady Gaga tweets, 50 million timelines need updating. Twitter's hybrid fan-out strategy, Manhattan DB, and the Snowflake ID system.

This article is based on a public repository I created. You can check the full project and follow...

Hi everyone! I want to share the v1.0.0 Alpha release of Génesis-GAL (Project PX-GEN-2026-ALPHA),...

Your Kafka consumer is processing 800 events/sec. The producer just hit 5,000 events/sec and it’s...

This is the technical companion to a piece I wrote about cutting our CI from ~20 minutes to ~5. That...

16.67 ms sounds generous until a garbage collector decides to think. Across three Android devices...

The Denormalized Product Tree: Initial Relief, Later a Deep Pit While working on a...

Zero JS by default — how Astro's island architecture changes the game.

“Simple permissions work for small systems. Context-aware permissions power enterprise systems.”...

How a generateCode() function in our docs told users to import from a subpath that was never in the package — and why we still ship one entry point.

You Don't Need Microservices (Yet): A Reality Check for Devs How Premature...

The Hook: Slow compile times are a major pain point for systems engineers. Jda's 42ms average compile...

Microservices Patterns: A Practical Guide to Choosing the Right Architecture Most teams...

Data Structures in JavaScript: When to Use What (2026) Arrays aren't the only tool. Pick...

A deep dive into the system architecture that serves 1B+ users and 34M video uploads per day. Perfect for system design interviews and curious engineers.

Architecture diagrams have a habit of going stale the moment you redraw them. The boxes stop matching...

Why Manual Memory Management Still Matters ? It is now easier than ever to write software...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving At Veltrix, we're known for our real-time treasure...

Your checkout service calls a 3rd-party fraud-check API on every order. That API just started timing...

How ForgeZero migrated from Node.js to Go, stripped GC-heavy paths, and hit 0 allocs/op at 1.18 GB/s in a bare-metal system software builder.

Most property management software treats compliance documentation like a tax return — something you...

From an Ambitious Idea to a Real-Time Collaborative Platform — Building My Miro Clone 🚀 A...

You didn't realize it, but the last time you built a Jira workflow, you wrote a program. A bad one,...

📎 This is Part 2. Part 1 — Postgres-grade serializable at 20k ops/s on a laptop (don't try this at...

This is Part 6 — the final part of the Core Rust Concepts series. Part 1 — Ownership, Borrowing,...

If you've ever upgraded EF Core and had to touch 300 files, or tried to unit-test a single business...

The Problem We Were Actually Solving We initially tried to optimize the algorithm for...

How to design a distributed web crawler using a DHT ring. Covers consistent hashing, finger table routing, node joins and failures, and storage.

This tier implements the following framework documents in the `/Framework/` library. Consult them for canonical reference, audit rubrics, and detailed implement

This tier implements the following framework documents in the `/Framework/` library. Consult them for canonical reference, audit rubrics, and detailed implement