Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

11,137
lessons
Skills in this topic
View full skill map →
ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data

Showing 549 reads from curated sources

Bingung Pakai Precision atau Recall? Mulai dari Satu Pertanyaan Ini
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1h ago
Bingung Pakai Precision atau Recall? Mulai dari Satu Pertanyaan Ini
Pertanyaan pertama yang perlu ditanyakan: mana yang lebih berbahaya, FP atau FN? Continue reading on Medium »
Bingung Pakai Precision atau Recall? Mulai dari Satu Pertanyaan Ini
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1h ago
Bingung Pakai Precision atau Recall? Mulai dari Satu Pertanyaan Ini
Pertanyaan pertama yang perlu ditanyakan: mana yang lebih berbahaya, FP atau FN? Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3h ago
Linear Algebra in Deep Learning: How it Drives Real-World Impact
Linear Algebra, as it seems — is associated with abstract mathematics — vectors, matrices, and equations that apparently disconnected from… Continue reading on
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 3h ago
Balancing ‌predictive ‌power ‌with privacy in insurance.
In insurance, the whole engine runs on data, and that data is personal by default. For a project with Sure Tomorrow, I looked at how… Continue reading on Medium
9 Python Concepts That Finally Made Sense Later
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
9 Python Concepts That Finally Made Sense Later
Confusing at first, obvious now. Continue reading on Stackademic »
The production failure opening is the best thing in the article — it immediately separates this…
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
The production failure opening is the best thing in the article — it immediately separates this…
Every churn tutorial starts the same way. Import pandas. Load your CSV. Fit the model. Print 0.89 accuracy. Congratulations, you’ve… Continue reading on Medium
1 — Machine Learning for Beginners, Introduction.
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
1 — Machine Learning for Beginners, Introduction.
Good morning everyone! Continue reading on Medium »
A Learnability Gap, Not a Capacity Gap: 353 Parameters vs a 3-Parameter Heuristic
Dev.to · Kit Good 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 8h ago
A Learnability Gap, Not a Capacity Gap: 353 Parameters vs a 3-Parameter Heuristic
A Learnability Gap, Not a Capacity Gap What 208 benchmark runs and four experiments in a...
I Built a $0 Search Engine on Real Web Data (No Algolia or Elasticsearch)
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 9h ago
I Built a $0 Search Engine on Real Web Data (No Algolia or Elasticsearch)
I got tired of grepping through JSON. So I built a local search index over live Google data using Python, Typesense, and Bright Data —… Continue reading on Pyth
TPU Mythbusting: vendor lock-in
Dev.to · Maciej Strzelczyk 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 11h ago
TPU Mythbusting: vendor lock-in
Tensor Processing Units are a technology developed and owned by Google. While you can find GPUs in...
Confusion Matrix Explained Using Random Forest
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 11h ago
Confusion Matrix Explained Using Random Forest
When we build a machine learning model especially for classification tasks,we need a way to evaluate its performance. One of the most… Continue reading on Mediu
When Preprocessing Helps — and When It Hurts: Why Your Image Classification Model’s Accuracy Varies
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 11h ago
When Preprocessing Helps — and When It Hurts: Why Your Image Classification Model’s Accuracy Varies
From 65% to 87% accuracy on CIFAR-10 using Convolutional Neural Networks — and what went wrong along the way. Continue reading on Level Up Coding »
Reddit r/learnprogramming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
Can someone without early coding or olympiad background succeed in CS?”
I just came up with a youtube video of a math question that can be solved by a 5th grade chinese student but I couldn't solve that being in 12 th grade. chinese
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
Week 4, episode 2 — The Pro-Level AI Playbook Your Python Bootcamp Skipped
Master the three pillars of production deep learning: distributed data, mixed precision, and gradient accumulation. Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · LLM 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
Why Deep Learning Outperformed Traditional Machine Learning
Continue reading on Medium »
Relational Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds (part 1)
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 15h ago
Relational Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds (part 1)
Hinton KD is output distribution distillation. It transfers what the teacher thinks about each example individually. RKD is structure… Continue reading on Mediu
Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 15h ago
Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds
A large, cumbersome teacher model can train a smaller student model by giving it soft targets instead of only hard labels. Those soft… Continue reading on Mediu
Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 15h ago
Knowledge Distillation in 3D Point Clouds
A large, cumbersome teacher model can train a smaller student model by giving it soft targets instead of only hard labels. Those soft… Continue reading on Mediu
Python: Errores y Excepciones
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 17h ago
Python: Errores y Excepciones
Nuevo día, nueva entrega. Es común cometer errores al escribir código; por ello, Python genera errores y excepciones que nos ayudan a… Continue reading on Mediu
I read 50 Python library lists so you don’t have to here are the 20 that actually matter
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 19h ago
I read 50 Python library lists so you don’t have to here are the 20 that actually matter
You’re still using Pandas and pip. Your competitors aren’t. Here are the 20 libraries reshaping how real Python gets written with code… Continue reading on Medi
A Novel Approach to Player Rankings in European Football
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 19h ago
A Novel Approach to Player Rankings in European Football
Transforming Performance Metrics: A Deep Dive into Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Football Players Continue reading on Medium »
Lagrange Multipliers
Dev.to · Sajjad Rahman 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
Lagrange Multipliers
Q1. Lagrange Multipliers What condition holds at the optimum? A. ∇f(x) = 0 B. ∇f(x) = Σ...
Optimal Decision Tree Construction
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 21h ago
Optimal Decision Tree Construction
From Theory to Production: Mastering the Art and Science of Building Perfect Decision Trees Continue reading on Medium »
Optimal Decision Tree Construction
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 21h ago
Optimal Decision Tree Construction
From Theory to Production: Mastering the Art and Science of Building Perfect Decision Trees Continue reading on Medium »
AI & Machine Learning for 5G/6G Networks using Python | TechLTEWorld
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 21h ago
AI & Machine Learning for 5G/6G Networks using Python | TechLTEWorld
 New Launch — Step into the future of telecom with AI-powered 5G and upcoming 6G technologies. Designed for LTE/5G/ORAN professionals… Continue reading on Medi
Unlocking the Power of Remote Sensing with Geo-Semantic Segmentation
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
Unlocking the Power of Remote Sensing with Geo-Semantic Segmentation
Remote sensing technology has rapidly transformed the way we understand and monitor the Earth. From environmental monitoring and urban… Continue reading on Medi
When Rules Run Out: The Case for Machine Learning in Systematic Trading
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
When Rules Run Out: The Case for Machine Learning in Systematic Trading
Part 1 of the series: Machine Learning for Systematic Traders Continue reading on Medium »
Support Vector Machines Explained with Geometric Intuition
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
Support Vector Machines Explained with Geometric Intuition
Welcome to another post in my ongoing machine learning adventure. This blog is part of a series where I’m diving into the world of ML —… Continue reading on Med
Support Vector Machines Explained with Geometric Intuition
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
Support Vector Machines Explained with Geometric Intuition
Welcome to another post in my ongoing machine learning adventure. This blog is part of a series where I’m diving into the world of ML —… Continue reading on Med
10 lines of code to simulate Brownian motion
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
10 lines of code to simulate Brownian motion
A botanist in 1867, atoms and Einstein Continue reading on Medium »
What Candy Crush Teaches About Applied AI in Product Development
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
What Candy Crush Teaches About Applied AI in Product Development
Three distinct machine learning approaches to the same problem, and what each one reveals about how to think through AI projects in… Continue reading on Medium
Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Practical SVM Usage — Deep Dive + Problem: Majority Element
A daily deep dive into ml topics, coding problems, and platform features from PixelBank . Topic Deep Dive: Practical SVM Usage From the Support Vector Machines
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Aku Dulu Nggak Ngerti Coding Sama Sekali — Sampai Akhirnya Paham (Ini Cara Simpelnya)
Dulu aku pikir programming itu cuma buat orang jenius. Orang yang ngerti matematika, yang kuliah IT, yang “otaknya beda”. Continue reading on Medium »
bfs
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
bfs
bfs 像是一個同心圓,從圓心開始同步向外擴散。 Continue reading on Medium »
AI Will Be Won by Cost per Query, Not Model Size
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
AI Will Be Won by Cost per Query, Not Model Size
Why efficiency, not scale alone, will define how AI actually reaches the world Continue reading on Medium »
Data in Production, Part 1: Building for Production (Not Just for Your Laptop)
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Data in Production, Part 1: Building for Production (Not Just for Your Laptop)
Part 1 of a 3-part series on what nobody teaches you about taking data from your laptop to production. Continue reading on Medium »
The quality paradox of AI data labelling ~ AIcoach eliminates this
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
The quality paradox of AI data labelling ~ AIcoach eliminates this
Continue reading on Medium »
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Most fraud detection models I’ve seen in the wild are not broken because of the algorithm. They’re broken because nobody handled the class… Continue reading on
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Most fraud detection models I’ve seen in the wild are not broken because of the algorithm. They’re broken because nobody handled the class… Continue reading on
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Most fraud detection models I’ve seen in the wild are not broken because of the algorithm. They’re broken because nobody handled the class… Continue reading on
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Stop Blaming Your Model: Your Imbalanced Dataset Is the Real Problem
Most fraud detection models I’ve seen in the wild are not broken because of the algorithm. They’re broken because nobody handled the class… Continue reading on
The $200K Career Gap: Why 2026 is the Year of the AI Engineer (And How to Join Them)
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
The $200K Career Gap: Why 2026 is the Year of the AI Engineer (And How to Join Them)
The tech world is currently divided into two distinct groups. Continue reading on Medium »
Graphs in Motion: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics with Graph Neural Networks
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Graphs in Motion: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics with Graph Neural Networks
The concept behind ST-GNNs and a Pytorch Implementation for time series forecasting Continue reading on AI Advances »
Graphs in Motion: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics with Graph Neural Networks
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Graphs in Motion: Spatio-Temporal Dynamics with Graph Neural Networks
The concept behind ST-GNNs and a Pytorch Implementation for time series forecasting Continue reading on AI Advances »
Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
How to Set Up a GPU Server for Machine Learning
Are you looking to accelerate your machine learning (ML) model training and inference? Setting up a dedicated GPU server can significantly cut down processing t
Least Squares Regression
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Least Squares Regression
This is a statistical method used to find the line of best fit for a data by minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals(difference… Continue reading on
Least Squares Regression
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Least Squares Regression
This is a statistical method used to find the line of best fit for a data by minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals(difference… Continue reading on
Your AI Didn’t Fail in Testing — It Failed After Deployment
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Your AI Didn’t Fail in Testing — It Failed After Deployment
Systems don’t break during checks. They break when reality starts interacting back. Continue reading on Medium »