Foundations

ML Fundamentals

Neural networks, backpropagation, gradient descent — the maths behind AI

33,038
lessons
Skills in this topic
View full skill map →
ML Maths Basics
beginner
Manipulate vectors and matrices
Supervised Learning
beginner
Train decision trees, random forests, and neural nets
Unsupervised Learning
intermediate
Apply k-means and DBSCAN clustering
ML Pipelines
intermediate
Engineer features and handle missing data
All Reads (20,833) Articles (9881)Blog Posts (4029)Tutorials (1803)Research Papers (4677)News (443)
When Locking Everything Isn’t Enough: ReentrantLock, CAS, and the Atomic Package
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
When Locking Everything Isn’t Enough: ReentrantLock, CAS, and the Atomic Package
PayFlow’s wallet service had one rule: every withdrawal goes through a synchronized method, so two threads can never touch the same… Continue reading on Medium
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
Day 14 of My Python Learning Journey
Today was a revision + practice day in my Python journey. Instead of learning one completely new topic, I went back through important… Continue reading on Mediu
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Loading everything into memory is often the easiest way to write a Python data pipeline and one of the easiest ways to make it fail in… Continue reading on Medi
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Loading everything into memory is often the easiest way to write a Python data pipeline and one of the easiest ways to make it fail in… Continue reading on Medi
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
7 Python Iterator Tricks I Wish I Knew Before Processing Millions of Rows
Loading everything into memory is often the easiest way to write a Python data pipeline and one of the easiest ways to make it fail in… Continue reading on Medi
How Netflix Could Recommend Without Tracking Your Watch History
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
How Netflix Could Recommend Without Tracking Your Watch History
What happens when Netflix can't track watch history? Explore privacy-first recommendation systems built around cold-start users. Continue reading on Medium »
Building Reliable AI Document Extraction Pipelines
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 2h ago
Building Reliable AI Document Extraction Pipelines
How to design, test, evaluate, and deploy schema-guided document extraction workflows. Continue reading on AI Advances »
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
Mean Squared Error (MSE)
Prior to evaluation, there must be someone who defines what good and bad forecasts are. The most significant response to that question is… Continue reading on M
Turning Customer Data into Retention Decisions: My Journey into Churn Prediction
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 7h ago
Turning Customer Data into Retention Decisions: My Journey into Churn Prediction
How I used Python, SQL, machine learning, and Power BI to analyse customer churn and identify high-risk customer groups. Continue reading on LinkIT »
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Large Models for Battery Prognostics and Health Management: A Review and Future Roadmap
arXiv:2608.26111v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Battery Prognostics and Health Management (BPHM) is critical for ensuring the safe, reliable, and cost-effective
ArXiv cs.AI 📐 ML Fundamentals 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Methodological and Conceptual Framework for 5D Multi-Table Analysis: A Unified Approach for Complex Data Reuse
arXiv:2608.26149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-table learning remains a major challenge in machine learning for healthcare and other complex information
Stop Feeding Your Python Scripts Gigabytes of RAM
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Stop Feeding Your Python Scripts Gigabytes of RAM
How streaming iterators and smart memory management rescued my production pipeline. Continue reading on Medium »
Your ML Platform Is Serving Itself
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Your ML Platform Is Serving Itself
Is your ML platform becoming a bottleneck instead of an accelerator? Continue reading on The Applied Engineer »
The Score Is a Symptom: A Diagnostic Tree for Free-Model Evals
Dev.to · Taylor Lin 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
The Score Is a Symptom: A Diagnostic Tree for Free-Model Evals
A free model scores 30% on your eval. The obvious conclusion: the model is weak. Swap it, and the...
Your Eval Set Is Rotting: A Theme-Fingerprint Drift Check
Dev.to · Emery Li 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
Your Eval Set Is Rotting: A Theme-Fingerprint Drift Check
Your evaluation set has an expiration date. Last month it helped you pick a model. This month it is...
What I Learned Building a Real-Time Thin-Film Thickness Monitoring Pipeline
Dev.to · raymond zhao 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
What I Learned Building a Real-Time Thin-Film Thickness Monitoring Pipeline
If you've ever had to instrument a coating line, you know the hard part isn't the optics. It's...
The Best Anomaly Detector I Know Optimizes Nothing
Dev.to · Nishant Banginwar 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 10h ago
The Best Anomaly Detector I Know Optimizes Nothing
Classic Machine Learning Through the Eyes of an SRE — Part 9: Isolation Forest The algorithm in one...
Dev.to AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 13h ago
AI-Powered Trading Strategies for Crypto Markets
The intersection of artificial intelligence and cryptocurrency markets has fundamentally shifted how traders approach volatility. Unlike traditional markets, cr
Makine Öğrenimine Kapsamlı Bir Giriş: Kavramlar, Mimariler, Yaşam Döngüsü, Roller ve Araçlar
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 17h ago
Makine Öğrenimine Kapsamlı Bir Giriş: Kavramlar, Mimariler, Yaşam Döngüsü, Roller ve Araçlar
Temel kavramlardan Transformer mimarisine, model yaşam döngüsünden sahadaki mühendislik rollerine ve scikit-learn ile uygulamaya kadar. Continue reading on Medi
Makine Öğrenimine Kapsamlı Bir Giriş: Kavramlar, Mimariler, Yaşam Döngüsü, Roller ve Araçlar
Medium · LLM 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 17h ago
Makine Öğrenimine Kapsamlı Bir Giriş: Kavramlar, Mimariler, Yaşam Döngüsü, Roller ve Araçlar
Temel kavramlardan Transformer mimarisine, model yaşam döngüsünden sahadaki mühendislik rollerine ve scikit-learn ile uygulamaya kadar. Continue reading on Medi
Open-Sourcing a Thermal Solar-Panel Fault Detector — and Why I Want Your Feedback
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 17h ago
Open-Sourcing a Thermal Solar-Panel Fault Detector — and Why I Want Your Feedback
A YOLO11-based pipeline that turns drone thermal footage into GPS-tagged inspection reports — with a browser demo, a field-mapping tool… Continue reading on Med
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 19h ago
Java Multithreading Mastery #30 — CompletableFuture Basics: A Better Way to Handle Asynchronous…
Future lets us wait for a result. CompletableFuture lets us build what should happen when that result is ready. Continue reading on Medium »
Lists in Python for Beginners
Dev.to · Vijayan Chakravarthi 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 20h ago
Lists in Python for Beginners
A List can be considered as a dynamic array. It is denoted by [ ]. The values inside a list are...
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 21h ago
Python Öğrenirken “Vay Canına!” Dedirten 4 Sinsi Mantık
Yazılım dünyasına adım attığınızda her şey print("Hello World") ile çok masum başlar. Ancak biraz derinlere indiğinizde Python’ın kendine… Continue reading on M
AWS Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 22h ago
Reduce ASR inference costs by 75% with NVIDIA MPS on Amazon EC2
Serving automatic speech recognition (ASR) models at scale is costly when each request uses only a fraction of a GPU. Learn how NVIDIA CUDA Multi-Process Servic
What Is a Tabular Foundation Model (and Why They’re Becoming SOTA)
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
What Is a Tabular Foundation Model (and Why They’re Becoming SOTA)
Pre-trained models just beat tuned tree ensembles across 189 datasets, zero-shot. Then someone ran them on real industrial data. Continue reading on Medium »
What Is a Tabular Foundation Model (and Why They’re Becoming SOTA)
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
What Is a Tabular Foundation Model (and Why They’re Becoming SOTA)
Pre-trained models just beat tuned tree ensembles across 189 datasets, zero-shot. Then someone ran them on real industrial data. Continue reading on Medium »
Pushing ML algorithms to their limits: Building a surgical image classifier using multi-modal…
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 23h ago
Pushing ML algorithms to their limits: Building a surgical image classifier using multi-modal…
In agricultural computer vision, deep learning architectures often dominate the conversation. Continue reading on Medium »
Evaluation for classification
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Evaluation for classification
Why Evaluation Matters in Machine Learning ? Continue reading on Medium »
Evaluation for classification
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Evaluation for classification
Why Evaluation Matters in Machine Learning ? Continue reading on Medium »
How would you deploy an AI model in production?
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
How would you deploy an AI model in production?
Deploying an AI model in production means taking a trained model and making it available to real users or applications, while ensuring it… Continue reading on M
Stop Shipping Fragile Notebooks: How to Refactor Messy ML Code into Clean Python Packages
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Stop Shipping Fragile Notebooks: How to Refactor Messy ML Code into Clean Python Packages
You run a few cells, tweak a hyperparameter, re-run cell 12 out of order, and suddenly your accuracy jumps to 94%. Continue reading on Medium »
Python Crash Course Review: Finishing the Basics and What Comes Next
Medium · Programming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Python Crash Course Review: Finishing the Basics and What Comes Next
My honest takeaways from Part I of the book, fighting the “now what?” feeling, and setting the foundation for my career prep. Continue reading on Medium »
Medium · AI 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Your Model Was Trained on Fiction: The Hidden Geography of Web Data
There’s a class of model failure that doesn’t show up in any loss curve. Continue reading on Medium »
Speech-to-Text Is No Longer a Feature. It’s Infrastructure.
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Speech-to-Text Is No Longer a Feature. It’s Infrastructure.
A transcript can be technically accurate and still make a product feel broken. The words may be right, but they arrive too late. A speaker… Continue reading on
In the last stage of my breast Cancer ANALYSIS , I also experimented with different evaluation…
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
In the last stage of my breast Cancer ANALYSIS , I also experimented with different evaluation…
Accuracy tells us how many predictions the model got correct overall In my experiment, the model got around 92 % of the classifications… Continue reading on Med
Teaching a Spiking Network to Hear
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Teaching a Spiking Network to Hear
Gradient descent doesn’t work with a threshold spike, so we make a switch (a polite lie), and then use a real test case to judge what… Continue reading on Mediu
Teaching a Spiking Network to Hear
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Teaching a Spiking Network to Hear
Gradient descent doesn’t work with a threshold spike, so we make a switch (a polite lie), and then use a real test case to judge what… Continue reading on Mediu
The Python Script I Built to Turn Messy Business Data Into a Machine That Worked for Me
Medium · Python 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
The Python Script I Built to Turn Messy Business Data Into a Machine That Worked for Me
How I combined Python libraries, automation, APIs, AI, Excel, and object-oriented programming into a reusable system I could package for… Continue reading on Me
Last Minute Interview Prep: K-means Clustering
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Last Minute Interview Prep: K-means Clustering
Machine Learning Interview Preparation Part 19 Continue reading on Medium »
Last Minute Interview Prep: K-means Clustering
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Last Minute Interview Prep: K-means Clustering
Machine Learning Interview Preparation Part 19 Continue reading on Medium »
Notes From Building a Model That Learns How to Learn
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Notes From Building a Model That Learns How to Learn
Three ideas from Nested Learning, and what actually happened when I ran them Continue reading on Medium »
I Built a Complex Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection — And Then Deleted It.
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
I Built a Complex Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection — And Then Deleted It.
Why a simple classical algorithm beat my PyTorch GraphSAGE model, and what it taught me about real-world AI engineering. Continue reading on Medium »
I Built a Complex Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection — And Then Deleted It.
Medium · Data Science 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
I Built a Complex Graph Neural Network for Fraud Detection — And Then Deleted It.
Why a simple classical algorithm beat my PyTorch GraphSAGE model, and what it taught me about real-world AI engineering. Continue reading on Medium »
The Third Scale
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
The Third Scale
A team of thirty in Korea built a model that outranks Europe’s flagship, on one-fiftieth of the money. Continue reading on Medium »
Reemplacé la aleatoriedad con matemáticas en el entrenamiento de redes neuronales.
Medium · Machine Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Reemplacé la aleatoriedad con matemáticas en el entrenamiento de redes neuronales.
Todos los tutoriales de aprendizaje profundo te dicen que barajes tus datos aleatoriamente. Me pregunté: ¿y si usara matemáticas en su… Continue reading on Medi
Reemplacé la aleatoriedad con matemáticas en el entrenamiento de redes neuronales.
Medium · Deep Learning 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
Reemplacé la aleatoriedad con matemáticas en el entrenamiento de redes neuronales.
Todos los tutoriales de aprendizaje profundo te dicen que barajes tus datos aleatoriamente. Me pregunté: ¿y si usara matemáticas en su… Continue reading on Medi
Reddit r/learnprogramming 📐 ML Fundamentals ⚡ AI Lesson 1d ago
hey everyone just needed guidance …because i’m lost now
hello everyone so i know a little coding and i really need a little direction because…now i’m realising that i would end up myself…just because i fucked uo ever