Core AI

Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

24,654
lessons
Skills in this topic
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LLM Foundations
beginner
Explain how transformers generate text
Prompt Craft
beginner
Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts
LLM Engineering
intermediate
Call LLM APIs with function/tool use
Fine-tuning LLMs
advanced
Prepare fine-tuning datasets
Multimodal LLMs
advanced
Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

Showing 5,216 reads from curated sources

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Separating Diagnosis from Control: Auditable Policy Adaptation in Agent-Based Simulations with LLM-Based Diagnostics
arXiv:2603.22904v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mitigating elderly loneliness requires policy interventions that achieve both adaptability and auditability. Exi
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
ProGRank: Probe-Gradient Reranking to Defend Dense-Retriever RAG from Corpus Poisoning
arXiv:2603.22934v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves the reliability of large language model applications by grounding
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Ran Score: a LLM-based Evaluation Score for Radiology Report Generation
arXiv:2603.22935v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chest X-ray report generation and automated evaluation are limited by poor recognition of low-prevalence abnorma
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
PersonalQ: Select, Quantize, and Serve Personalized Diffusion Models for Efficient Inference
arXiv:2603.22943v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Personalized text-to-image generation lets users fine-tune diffusion models into repositories of concept-specifi
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
JFTA-Bench: Evaluate LLM's Ability of Tracking and Analyzing Malfunctions Using Fault Trees
arXiv:2603.22978v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In the maintenance of complex systems, fault trees are used to locate problems and provide targeted solutions. T
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Can Large Language Models Reason and Optimize Under Constraints?
arXiv:2603.23004v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great capabilities across diverse natural language tasks; yet the
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Minibal: Balanced Game-Playing Without Opponent Modeling
arXiv:2603.23059v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in game AI, such as AlphaZero and Ath\'enan, have achieved superhuman performance across a wide
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
MedCausalX: Adaptive Causal Reasoning with Self-Reflection for Trustworthy Medical Vision-Language Models
arXiv:2603.23085v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled interpretable medical diagnosis by integrating visual perception with
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Between Rules and Reality: On the Context Sensitivity of LLM Moral Judgment
arXiv:2603.23114v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A human's moral decision depends heavily on the context. Yet research on LLM morality has largely studied fixed
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Describe-Then-Act: Proactive Agent Steering via Distilled Language-Action World Models
arXiv:2603.23149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deploying safety-critical agents requires anticipating the consequences of actions before they are executed. Whi
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
SAiW: Source-Attributable Invisible Watermarking for Proactive Deepfake Defense
arXiv:2603.23178v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deepfakes generated by modern generative models pose a serious threat to information integrity, digital identity
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
PERMA: Benchmarking Personalized Memory Agents via Event-Driven Preference and Realistic Task Environments
arXiv:2603.23231v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Empowering large language models with long-term memory is crucial for building agents that adapt to users' evolv
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
MemCollab: Cross-Agent Memory Collaboration via Contrastive Trajectory Distillation
arXiv:2603.23234v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model (LLM)-based agents rely on memory mechanisms to reuse knowledge from past problem-solving e
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
LLM Olympiad: Why Model Evaluation Needs a Sealed Exam
arXiv:2603.23292v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Benchmarks and leaderboards are how NLP most often communicates progress, but in the LLM era they are increasing
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
RelayS2S: A Dual-Path Speculative Generation for Real-Time Dialogue
arXiv:2603.23346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-time spoken dialogue systems face a fundamental tension between latency and response quality. End-to-end sp
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Bilevel Autoresearch: Meta-Autoresearching Itself
arXiv:2603.23420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: If autoresearch is itself a form of research, then autoresearch can be applied to research itself. We take this
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Mecha-nudges for Machines
arXiv:2603.23433v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Nudges are subtle changes to the way choices are presented to human decision-makers (e.g., opt-in vs. opt-out by
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Automated Microservice Pattern Instance Detection Using Infrastructure-as-Code Artifacts and Large Language Models
arXiv:2502.04188v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Documenting software architecture is essential to preserve architecture knowledge, even though it is frequentl
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Founder effects shape the evolutionary dynamics of multimodality in open LLM families
arXiv:2603.22287v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) families are improving rapidly, yet it remains unclear how quickly multimodal capab
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Evaluating Prompting Strategies for Chart Question Answering with Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.22288v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Prompting strategies affect LLM reasoning performance, but their role in chart-based QA remains underexplored.
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
MERIT: Memory-Enhanced Retrieval for Interpretable Knowledge Tracing
arXiv:2603.22289v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Knowledge Tracing (KT) models students' evolving knowledge states to predict future performance, serving as a
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Beyond Hard Constraints: Budget-Conditioned Reachability For Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning
arXiv:2603.22292v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Sequential decision making using Markov Decision Process underpins many realworld applications. Both model-bas
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
TIPS: Turn-Level Information-Potential Reward Shaping for Search-Augmented LLMs
arXiv:2603.22293v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Search-augmented large language models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning (RL) have achieved strong re
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Efficient Embedding-based Synthetic Data Generation for Complex Reasoning Tasks
arXiv:2603.22294v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Synthetic Data Generation (SDG), leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs), has recently been recognized and bro
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Whether, Not Which: Mechanistic Interpretability Reveals Dissociable Affect Reception and Emotion Categorization in LLMs
arXiv:2603.22295v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models appear to develop internal representations of emotion -- "emotion circuits," "emotion ne
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Between the Layers Lies the Truth: Uncertainty Estimation in LLMs Using Intra-Layer Local Information Scores
arXiv:2603.22299v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are often confidently wrong, making reliable uncertainty estimation (UE) essentia
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Latent Semantic Manifolds in Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.22301v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) perform internal computations in continuous vector spaces yet produce discrete to
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Sample Transform Cost-Based Training-Free Hallucination Detector for Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.22303v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) remain a central obstacle to trustworthy deployment, motivating
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
CN-Buzz2Portfolio: A Chinese-Market Dataset and Benchmark for LLM-Based Macro and Sector Asset Allocation from Daily Trending Financial News
arXiv:2603.22305v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly transitioning from static Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks inc
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
UniFluids: Unified Neural Operator Learning with Conditional Flow-matching
arXiv:2603.22309v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Partial differential equation (PDE) simulation holds extensive significance in scientific research. Currently,
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Emergency Preemption Without Online Exploration: A Decision Transformer Approach
arXiv:2603.22315v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Emergency vehicle (EV) response time is a critical determinant of survival outcomes, yet deployed signal preem
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Geometric Mixture-of-Experts with Curvature-Guided Adaptive Routing for Graph Representation Learning
arXiv:2603.22317v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Graph-structured data typically exhibits complex topological heterogeneity, making it difficult to model accur
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
From Instructions to Assistance: a Dataset Aligning Instruction Manuals with Assembly Videos for Evaluating Multimodal LLMs
arXiv:2603.22321v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The recent advancements introduced by Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how Artificial Intelligenc
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
AEGIS: An Operational Infrastructure for Post-Market Governance of Adaptive Medical AI Under US and EU Regulations
arXiv:2603.22322v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Machine learning systems deployed in medical devices require governance frameworks that ensure safety while en
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
A Multi-Task Targeted Learning Framework for Lithium-Ion Battery State-of-Health and Remaining Useful Life
arXiv:2603.22323v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurately predicting the state-of-health (SOH) and remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries is cr
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
DAQ: Delta-Aware Quantization for Post-Training LLM Weight Compression
arXiv:2603.22324v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Delta-Aware Quantization (DAQ), a data-free post-training quantization framework that preserves t
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
AgentSLR: Automating Systematic Literature Reviews in Epidemiology with Agentic AI
arXiv:2603.22327v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Systematic literature reviews are essential for synthesizing scientific evidence but are costly, difficult to
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Trained Persistent Memory for Frozen Decoder-Only LLMs
arXiv:2603.22329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Decoder-only language models are stateless: hidden representations are discarded after every forward pass and
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Large Language Models for Missing Data Imputation: Understanding Behavior, Hallucination Effects, and Control Mechanisms
arXiv:2603.22332v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Data imputation is a cornerstone technique for handling missing values in real-world datasets, which are often
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Graph Signal Processing Meets Mamba2: Adaptive Filter Bank via Delta Modulation
arXiv:2603.22333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: State-space models (SSMs) offer efficient alternatives to attention with linear-time recurrence. Mamba2, a rec
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Causal Direct Preference Optimization for Distributionally Robust Generative Recommendation
arXiv:2603.22335v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) guides large language models (LLMs) to generate recommendations aligned w
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Graphs RAG at Scale: Beyond Retrieval-Augmented Generation With Labeled Property Graphs and Resource Description Framework for Complex and Unknown Search Spaces
arXiv:2603.22340v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have revolutionized knowledge-intensive tasks, yet tra
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
T-MAP: Red-Teaming LLM Agents with Trajectory-aware Evolutionary Search
arXiv:2603.22341v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While prior red-teaming efforts have focused on eliciting harmful text outputs from large language models (LLM
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
WIST: Web-Grounded Iterative Self-Play Tree for Domain-Targeted Reasoning Improvement
arXiv:2603.22352v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent progress in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) offers a practical path to self-impro
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Early Discoveries of Algorithmist I: Promise of Provable Algorithm Synthesis at Scale
arXiv:2603.22363v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Designing algorithms with provable guarantees that also work well in practice remains difficult, requiring bot
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
MCLR: Improving Conditional Modeling in Visual Generative Models via Inter-Class Likelihood-Ratio Maximization and Establishing the Equivalence between Classifier-Free Guidance and Alignment Objectives
arXiv:2603.22364v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative modeling, but their success often re
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Q-AGNN: Quantum-Enhanced Attentive Graph Neural Network for Intrusion Detection
arXiv:2603.22365v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: With the rapid growth of interconnected devices, accurately detecting malicious activities in network traffic
ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 1mo ago
Modeling Quantum Federated Autoencoder for Anomaly Detection in IoT Networks
arXiv:2603.22366v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a Quantum Federated Autoencoder for Anomaly Detection, a framework that leverages quantum federated