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Large Language Models

Deep dives into GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama and the transformers powering modern AI

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LLM Foundations

Explain how transformers generate text

Write zero-shot and few-shot prompts

LLM Engineering

Call LLM APIs with function/tool use

Fine-tuning LLMs

Prepare fine-tuning datasets

Multimodal LLMs

Use GPT-4V / Claude Vision for image understanding

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ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Neural Network Conversion of Machine Learning Pipelines

arXiv:2603.25699v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transfer learning and knowledge distillation has recently gained a lot of attention in the deep learning commu

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Out of Sight but Not Out of Mind: Hybrid Memory for Dynamic Video World Models

arXiv:2603.25716v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video world models have shown immense potential in simulating the physical world, yet existing memory mechanis

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Natural-Language Agent Harnesses

arXiv:2603.25723v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent performance increasingly depends on \emph{harness engineering}, yet harness design is usually buried in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Drive My Way: Preference Alignment of Vision-Language-Action Model for Personalized Driving

arXiv:2603.25740v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human driving behavior is inherently personal, which is shaped by long-term habits and influenced by short-ter

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Working Paper: Active Causal Structure Learning with Latent Variables: Towards Learning to Detour in Autonomous Robots

arXiv:2410.20894v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) Agents and Robots must be able to cope with everchanging environments

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Semi-Strongly solved: a New Definition Leading Computer to Perfect Gameplay

arXiv:2411.01029v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Strong solving of perfect-information games certifies optimal play from every reachable position, but the re

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Research on environment perception and behavior prediction of intelligent UAV based on semantic communication

arXiv:2501.04480v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The convergence of drone delivery systems, virtual worlds, and blockchain has transformed logistics and supp

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Concepts Learned Visually by Infants Can Contribute to Visual Learning and Understanding in AI Models

arXiv:2503.03361v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Early in development, infants learn to extract surprisingly complex aspects of visual scenes. This early lea

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

TrustGeoGen: Formal-Verified Data Engine for Trustworthy Multi-modal Geometric Problem Solving

arXiv:2504.15780v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geometric problem solving (GPS) requires precise multimodal understanding and rigorous, step-by-step logical

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Interactive Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs with Soft Entity Constraints

arXiv:2508.13663v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Methods for query answering over incomplete knowledge graphs retrieve entities that are \emph{likely} to be

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Do Language Models Follow Occam's Razor? An Evaluation of Parsimony in Inductive and Abductive Reasoning

arXiv:2509.03345v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Non-deductive reasoning, encompassing inductive and abductive reasoning, is essential in addressing complex

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

From What to Why: A Multi-Agent System for Evidence-based Chemical Reaction Condition Reasoning

arXiv:2509.23768v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The chemical reaction recommendation is to select proper reaction condition parameters for chemical reaction

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Planned Diffusion

arXiv:2510.18087v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Most large language models are autoregressive: they generate tokens one at a time. Discrete diffusion langua

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Analysing Environmental Efficiency in AI for X-Ray Diagnosis

arXiv:2511.07436v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of AI tools into medical applications has aimed to improve the efficiency of diagnosis. The

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

XGrammar-2: Efficient Dynamic Structured Generation Engine for Agentic LLMs

arXiv:2601.04426v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern LLM agents increasingly rely on dynamic structured generation, such as tool calling and response prot

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

RetroAgent: From Solving to Evolving via Retrospective Dual Intrinsic Feedback

arXiv:2603.08561v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Standard reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model (LLM) agents typically optimizes extrinsic rew

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Consequentialist Objectives and Catastrophe

arXiv:2603.15017v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Because human preferences are too complex to codify, AIs operate with misspecified objectives. Optimizing su

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Characterizing Linear Alignment Across Language Models

arXiv:2603.18908v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Language models increasingly appear to learn similar representations, despite differences in training object

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Man and machine: artificial intelligence and judicial decision making

arXiv:2603.19042v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into judicial decision-making, particularly in

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Scalable High-Resolution Pixel-Space Image Synthesis with Hourglass Diffusion Transformers

arXiv:2401.11605v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We present the Hourglass Diffusion Transformer (HDiT), an image generative model that exhibits linear

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

The Future of AI-Driven Software Engineering

arXiv:2406.07737v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: A paradigm shift is underway in Software Engineering, with AI systems such as LLMs playing an increasi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

CodeRefine: A Pipeline for Enhancing LLM-Generated Code Implementations of Research Papers

arXiv:2408.13366v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper presents CodeRefine, a novel framework for automatically transforming research paper method

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

LLMs know their vulnerabilities: Uncover Safety Gaps through Natural Distribution Shifts

arXiv:2410.10700v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Safety concerns in large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their exposur

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

LLM4AD: Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving -- Concept, Review, Benchmark, Experiments, and Future Trends

arXiv:2410.15281v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

The Limits of Inference Scaling Through Resampling

arXiv:2411.17501v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent research has generated hope that inference scaling, such as resampling solutions until they pas

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Physics-Informed Evolution: An Evolutionary Framework for Solving Quantum Control Problems Involving the Schr\"odinger Equation

arXiv:2502.05228v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Physics-informed Neural Networks (PINNs) show that embedding physical laws directly into the learning

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

The LLM Bottleneck: Why Open-Source Vision LLMs Struggle with Hierarchical Visual Recognition

arXiv:2505.24840v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper reveals that many open-source large language models (LLMs) lack hierarchical knowledge abou

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

DRIFT: Dynamic Rule-Based Defense with Injection Isolation for Securing LLM Agents

arXiv:2506.12104v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly central to agentic systems due to their strong reasoning

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Instruction Following by Principled Boosting Attention of Large Language Models

arXiv:2506.13734v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models' behavior is often shaped by instructions such as system prompts, refusal bounda

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

BMFM-RNA: whole-cell expression decoding improves transcriptomic foundation models

arXiv:2506.14861v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Transcriptomic foundation models pretrained with masked language modeling can achieve low pretraining

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Predicting Human Mobility during Extreme Events via LLM-Enhanced Cross-City Learning

arXiv:2507.19737v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The vulnerability of cities has increased with urbanization and climate change, making it more importa

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

CodeNER: Code Prompting for Named Entity Recognition

arXiv:2507.20423v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent studies have explored various approaches for treating candidate named entity spans as both sour

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Hierarchical Adaptive networks with Task vectors for Test-Time Adaptation

arXiv:2508.09223v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Test-time adaptation allows pretrained models to adjust to incoming data streams, addressing distribut

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Mapping the Course for Prompt-based Structured Prediction

arXiv:2508.15090v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in a wide-range of language tasks wi

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

The Information Dynamics of Generative Diffusion

arXiv:2508.19897v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of models in machine learning, yet a unif

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

End-to-End Low-Level Neural Control of an Industrial-Grade 6D Magnetic Levitation System

arXiv:2509.01388v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Magnetic levitation is poised to revolutionize industrial automation by integrating flexible in-machin

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

GeoResponder: Towards Building Geospatial LLMs for Time-Critical Disaster Response

arXiv:2509.19354v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLMs excel at linguistic tasks but lack the inner geospatial capabilities needed for time-critical dis

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

DiffuGuard: How Intrinsic Safety is Lost and Found in Diffusion Large Language Models

arXiv:2509.24296v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid advancement of Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) introduces unprecedented vulnerabilit

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Ming-Flash-Omni: A Sparse, Unified Architecture for Multimodal Perception and Generation

arXiv:2510.24821v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose Ming-Flash-Omni, an upgraded version of Ming-Omni, built upon a sparser Mixture-of-Experts

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Foundry: Distilling 3D Foundation Models for the Edge

arXiv:2511.20721v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Foundation models pre-trained with self-supervised learning (SSL) on large-scale datasets have become

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

A cross-species neural foundation model for end-to-end speech decoding

arXiv:2511.21740v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Speech brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim to restore communication for people with paralysis by tran

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Epistemic Bias Injection: Biasing LLMs via Selective Context Retrieval

arXiv:2512.00804v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: When answering user queries, LLMs often retrieve knowledge from external sources stored in retrieval-a

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

SWAA: Sliding Window Attention Adaptation for Efficient and Quality Preserving Long Context Processing

arXiv:2512.10411v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The quadratic complexity of self attention in Transformer based LLMs renders long context inference pr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

TimeLens: Rethinking Video Temporal Grounding with Multimodal LLMs

arXiv:2512.14698v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper does not introduce a novel method but instead establishes a straightforward, incremental, y

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Context Matters: Peer-Aware Student Behavioral Engagement Measurement via VLM Action Parsing and LLM Sequence Classification

arXiv:2601.06394v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding student behavior in the classroom is essential to improve both pedagogical quality and s

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

TAG-MoE: Task-Aware Gating for Unified Generative Mixture-of-Experts

arXiv:2601.08881v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Unified image generation and editing models suffer from severe task interference in dense diffusion tr

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Information Access of the Oppressed: A Problem-Posing Framework for Envisioning Emancipatory Information Access Platforms

arXiv:2601.09600v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Online information access (IA) platforms are targets of authoritarian capture. We explore the question

ArXiv cs.AI 🧠 Large Language Models 📄 Paper ⚡ AI Lesson 4w ago

Impact of AI Search Summaries on Website Traffic: Evidence from Google AI Overviews and Wikipedia

arXiv:2602.18455v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Search engines increasingly display LLM-generated answers shown above organic links, shifting search f