LangGraph Multi-Agent Architecture: Building a Self-Critiquing AI Debate System

Author(s): Rishav Saigal Originally published on Towards AI. A technical deep-dive into the LangGraph state machine, Pydantic-driven routing, and Critique Agent design powering the LLM Drift Experiment. In the opening piece of this series, we explored the conceptual “why” behind LLM Drift — how AI agents lose their persona, reasoning quality, and behavioral consistency under sustained adversarial pressure. But for the engineers and architects in the room, the “how” is where the real story lives.