Conformal PM2.5 Mapping Under Spatial Covariate Shift: Satellite-Reanalysis Fusion for Africa's Green Industrial Transition

arXiv:2604.22787v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Africa's green industrialization imperative demands reliable infrastructure for monitoring air quality. We present a satellite-reanalysis PM2.5 fusion system trained on 2,068,901 records from 404 monitoring locations in 29 African countries (OpenAQ, 2017-2022), combining LightGBM with leakage-resistant spatial cross-validation and conformal prediction to quantify predictions and their geographic applicability limits. Under 5-fold location-grouped